{"id":129,"date":"2025-06-27T21:46:08","date_gmt":"2025-06-27T21:46:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/?p=129"},"modified":"2025-06-27T21:46:08","modified_gmt":"2025-06-27T21:46:08","slug":"%e4%bd%a0%e8%a2%ab%e8%bf%99%e4%b8%aa%e7%bb%8f%e5%85%b8%e4%b8%ad%e5%ad%a6%e7%89%a9%e7%90%86%e5%ae%9e%e9%aa%8c%e9%aa%97%e4%ba%86%e5%a4%9a%e5%b0%91%e5%b9%b4%ef%bc%9f%e7%89%9b%e9%a1%bf%e7%9a%84%e6%a3%ba","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/?p=129","title":{"rendered":"\u4f60\u88ab\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\u5b66\u7269\u7406\u5b9e\u9a8c\u9a97\u4e86\u591a\u5c11\u5e74\uff1f\u725b\u987f\u7684\u68fa\u6750\u677f\u771f\u7684\u538b\u4e0d\u4f4f\u4e86"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u5728\u4e2d\u5b66\u7684\u65f6\u5019\u5b66\u8fc7\uff0c\u725b\u987f\u5229\u7528\u68f1\u955c\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u5149\u7684\u8272\u6563\uff0c\u8bc1\u660e\u767d\u5149\u662f\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u989c\u8272\u7684\u5149\u5408\u6210\u7684\u3002\u4e3a\u4e86\u8ba9\u540c\u5b66\u4eec\u52a0\u6df1\u5370\u8c61\uff0c\u8001\u5e08\u4e5f\u4f1a\u7528\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5668\u6750\u901a\u5e38\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"790\" height=\"724\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-22.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-131\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-22.png 790w, https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-22-300x275.png 300w, https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-22-768x704.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 790px) 100vw, 790px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u8001\u5e08\u4f1a\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u767d\u5149\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u53d1\u751f\u8272\u6563\u53d8\u6210\u4e03\u8272\u5149\uff0c\u753b\u6210\u56fe\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u7684\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"277\" height=\"174\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-23.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-132\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1awikipedia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8001\u5e08\u4f1a\u7ee7\u7eed\u4ecb\u7ecd\uff0c\u4e03\u8272\u5149\u82e5\u539f\u8def\u8fd4\u56de\uff0c\u5c31\u80fd\u518d\u6b21\u5408\u4f53\u6210\u767d\u5149\u3002\u90a3\u4e48\u600e\u4e48\u539f\u8def\u8fd4\u56de\u5462\uff1f\u5728\u540e\u9762\u52a0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5012\u8f6c\u7684\u4e00\u6a21\u4e00\u6837\u7684\u68f1\u955c\u5c31\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e86\u561b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"372\" height=\"500\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-24.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-133\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-24.png 372w, https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-24-223x300.png 223w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 372px) 100vw, 372px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8bb8\u591a\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u548c\u6559\u8f85\u4e2d\u5173\u4e8e\u725b\u987f\u5408\u6210\u767d\u5149\u7684\u9519\u8bef\u6f14\u793a\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\uff08DOI\uff0910.1119\/1.5018680<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u770b\u8d77\u6765\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u5f88\u719f\u6089\u4e14\u6ca1\u6bdb\u75c5\uff1f\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u5957\u5668\u6750\u548c\u8fd9\u79cd\u89e3\u91ca\u5b8c\u5168\u662f\u9519\u8bef\u7684\u3002\u725b\u987f\u4e5f\u6839\u672c\u4e0d\u662f\u8fd9\u6837\u5408\u6210\u767d\u5149\u7684\u3002\u5728\u56fd\u5916\u7684\u77e5\u540d\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u6750\u4ee5\u53ca\u671f\u520a\u8bba\u6587\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u9519\u8bef\u4e5f\u5728\u4e0d\u65ad\u91cd\u590d\u3002\u4eca\u5929\u6211\u4eec\u5c31\u6765\u4e86\u89e3\u4e00\u4e0b\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u7ecf\u5178\u4e2d\u5b66\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5230\u5e95\u9519\u5728\u54ea\u91cc\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"297\" height=\"225\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-25.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-134\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e8b\u60c5\u8981\u4ece300\u591a\u5e74\u524d\u8bf4\u8d77\u3002\u5728\u725b\u987f\u7684\u5e74\u4ee3\uff0c\u4eba\u4eec\u8ba4\u4e3a\u767d\u5149\u662f\u67d0\u79cd\u5355\u8272\u5149\uff0c\u5176\u4ed6\u7684\u5149\u662f\u5728\u767d\u5149\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\uff0c\u5173\u4e8e\u5149\u7684\u989c\u8272\u7684\u76db\u884c\u7406\u8bba\u662f\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u63d0\u51fa\u7684\u3002\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u8ba4\u4e3a\uff0c\u5149\u7684\u989c\u8272\u6765\u81ea\u4e8e\u53d1\u5149\u4f53\u548c\u4eba\u773c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u4ecb\u8d28\uff0c\u548c\u5149\u6e90\u65e0\u5173\uff0c\u5149\u7684\u8272\u5f69\u4e0d\u662f\u5149\u81ea\u5e26\u7684\u7279\u5f81\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5f53\u65f6\u8fd8\u9ed8\u9ed8\u65e0\u95fb\u7684\u725b\u987f\u5e76\u4e0d\u76f8\u4fe1\u8fd9\u79cd\u8bf4\u6cd5\u3002\u725b\u987f\u4e00\u5f00\u59cb\u6ce8\u610f\u5230\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u7406\u8bba\u7684\u95ee\u9898\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u89c2\u5bdf\u5230\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u73b0\u8c61\uff1a\u628a\u4e00\u675f\u5706\u5f62\u7684\u5149\u5c04\u5230\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u4e0a\u65f6\uff0c\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u80cc\u540e\u6ca1\u6709\u51fa\u73b0\u5706\u5f62\u7684\u56fe\u50cf\uff0c\u800c\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u957f\u6761\u7684\u5149\u8c31\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/123-1.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-135\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u4e2d\u5b66\u5b66\u8fc7\uff0c\u5149\u4ece\u7a7a\u6c14\u5c04\u5165\u5176\u4ed6\u4ecb\u8d28\u540e\u4f1a\u53d1\u751f\u6298\u5c04\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u65af\u6d85\u5c14\u5b9a\u5f8b (Snell&#8217;s law)\u3002\u5728\u725b\u987f\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u65af\u6d85\u5c14\u5b9a\u5f8b\u5df2\u7ecf\u88ab\u53d1\u73b0\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"800\" height=\"1013\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-26.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-136\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-26.png 800w, https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-26-237x300.png 237w, https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-26-768x972.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65af\u6d85\u5c14\u5b9a\u5f8b&nbsp;(Snell&#8217;s law)\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1aWikipedia<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6309\u7167\u6298\u5c04\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u7684\u7406\u8bba\uff0c\u5706\u5f62\u5149\u675f\u7ecf\u8fc7\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u540e\u5e94\u8be5\u5f62\u6210\u5706\u5f62\u6216\u692d\u5706\u5f62\u7684\u5149\u6591\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e2a\u957f\u6761\u5149\u8c31\u662f\u65e0\u6cd5\u89e3\u91ca\u7684\u3002\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u8ba4\u4e3a\u4e00\u5b9a\u662f\u7b1b\u5361\u5c14\u7684\u7406\u8bba\u51fa\u9519\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u4ed6\u4e5f\u4e0d\u80fd\u786e\u4fe1\u4e03\u8272\u5149\u662f\u4e0d\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5149\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u4ed6\u53c8\u505a\u4e86\u53e6\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u3002\u5728\u7b2c\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u540e\uff0c\u4ed6\u52a0\u4e86\u4e00\u7247\u6316\u4e86\u4e00\u4e2a\u5c0f\u5706\u6d1e\u7684\u7eb8\uff0c\u5229\u7528\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5706\u6d1e\uff0c\u4ed6\u5c31\u80fd\u6355\u6349\u5f69\u8272\u5149\u5e26\u4e2d\u7684\u4efb\u610f\u5149\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"616\" height=\"380\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-27.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-137\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-27.png 616w, https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-27-300x185.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 616px) 100vw, 616px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7075\u9b42\u753b\u5e08\u725b\u987f\u7ed8\u5236\u7684\u5b9e\u9a8c\u88c5\u7f6e\u3002\u56fe\u7247\u6765\u6e90\uff1a\uff08DOI\uff0910.1098\/rsta.2014.0213<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u7ffb\u8bd1\u4e00\u4e0b\u5927\u89e6\u725b\u987f\u7684\u610f\u601d\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"179\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-28.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-138\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u63a5\u7740\uff0c\u4ed6\u8ba9\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u8272\u5149\u5206\u522b\u518d\u901a\u8fc7\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u6298\u5c04\u4e00\u6b21\uff0c\u7136\u540e\u8ba1\u7b97\u4e0d\u540c\u8272\u5149\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u8fd9\u4e2a\u5b9e\u9a8c\uff0c\u4ed6\u53d1\u73b0\u4e0d\u540c\u8272\u5149\u7684\u6298\u5c04\u7387\u4e0d\u540c\u800c\u4e14\u4fdd\u6301\u6052\u5b9a\uff0c\u8fd9\u624d\u8ba9\u4ed6\u786e\u4fe1\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u4e03\u8272\u5149\u7684\u6027\u8d28\u662f\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\u767d\u5149\u786e\u5b9e\u4e0d\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u5149\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u7531\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u5149\u6784\u6210\u7684\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f46\u662f\uff0c\u5728\u8fde\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u90fd\u6ca1\u6709\u666e\u53ca\u768417\u4e16\u7eaa\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e00\u756a\u63a8\u7406\u5e76\u4e0d\u80fd\u8bf4\u670d\u6240\u6709\u4eba\u3002\u8981\u8bc1\u660e\u767d\u5149\u786e\u5b9e\u7531\u4e03\u8272\u5149\u6784\u6210\uff0c\u6700\u597d\u7684\u529e\u6cd5\u5c31\u662f\u628a\u4e03\u8272\u5149\u5408\u6210\u767d\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u725b\u987f\u53d1\u73b0\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u5728\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u540e\u653e\u4e00\u4e2a\u51f8\u900f\u955c\uff0c\u6839\u636e\u51f8\u900f\u955c\u805a\u7126\u7684\u6027\u8d28\uff0c\u5728\u51f8\u900f\u955c\u7684\u7126\u70b9\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u5149\u88ab\u6c47\u805a\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u3002\u679c\u7136\uff0c\u5728\u7126\u70b9\u5904\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53c8\u770b\u5230\u4e86\u767d\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/123-2.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-139\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e0d\u8fc7\u5728\u975e\u7126\u70b9\u7684\u5730\u65b9\uff0c\u4e03\u8272\u5149\u5e76\u6ca1\u6709\u805a\u6210\u767d\u5149\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e3a\u4e86\u5236\u9020\u4e00\u81f4\u7684\u5408\u6210\u767d\u5149\uff0c\u5728\u8fd9\u4e2a\u57fa\u7840\u4e0a\uff0c\u725b\u987f\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u88c5\u7f6e\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"700\" height=\"236\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-29.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-140\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-29.png 700w, https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/image-29-300x101.png 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u725b\u987f\u5408\u6210\u767d\u5149\u7684\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u4f60\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u725b\u6d25\u5927\u5b66\u7684\u7f51\u7ad9\u4e0a\u67e5\u770b\u539f\u6587\uff1a<a href=\"http:\/\/www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk\/view\/texts\/normalized\/NATP00034\">www.newtonproject.ox.ac.uk\/view\/texts\/normalized\/NATP00034<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b83\u7684\u5b9e\u64cd\u6548\u679c\u2014\u2014<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"500\" height=\"276\" src=\"https:\/\/www.arocle.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/123-3.gif\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-141\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>\u8fd9\u624d\u662f\u725b\u987f\u5408\u6210\u767d\u5149\u7684\u6b63\u724c\u5b9e\u9a8c\u88c5\u7f6e\uff0c\u53d1\u8868\u5728\u4ed6\u57281704\u5e74\u51fa\u7248\u7684\u300a\u5149\u5b66\u300b\u4e2d\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u5c11\u6559\u79d1\u4e66\u51fa\u9519\u7684\u5730\u65b9\u4e86\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u90a3\u4e48\u95ee\u9898\u6765\u4e86\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u5728\u505a\u5b9e\u9a8c\u7684\u65f6\u5019\uff0c\u7528\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u8fd1\u8ddd\u79bb\u53e0\u5728\u4e00\u8d77\u65f6\u786e\u5b9e\u51fa\u73b0\u4e86\u767d\u5149\u554a\uff0c\u8fd9\u53c8\u662f\u600e\u4e48\u56de\u4e8b\uff1f<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5b9e\u9645\u4e0a\uff0c\u9ebb\u7701\u7406\u5de5\u5b66\u9662\u57282013\u5e74\u516c\u5e03\u7684\u4e00\u671f\u6559\u5b66\u89c6\u9891\u4e2d\u4e5f\u6307\u51fa\u4e86\u8fd9\u4e2a\u95ee\u9898\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5927\u5bb6\u53ef\u4ee5\u770b\u5230\uff0c\u5982\u679c\u628a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u9760\u5f97\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd1\uff0c\u8089\u773c\u770b\u6765\uff0c\u4e03\u8272\u5149\u91cd\u65b0\u5408\u6210\u4e86\u767d\u5149\u3002\u4f46\u4e8b\u5b9e\u4e0a\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u56e0\u4e3a\u4e24\u4e2a\u4e09\u68f1\u955c\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u8ddd\u79bb\u6bd4\u8f83\u8fd1\uff0c\u767d\u5149\u8272\u6563\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0d\u9ad8\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure 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